Colouration & Finishing

History Of Colouration And Its' Classification   

• Human nature is always restless and eager to improve and develop its own self surroundings.
• This applies to dress also that has always been asymbol of social stature, dignity and prestige of a person. It is, therefore, only natural thata lot of human energy and ingenuity is spent in improvement of apparel and also thehome textiles for their qualities of comfort and attractiveness. 
• At the same time, constantefforts are also made for reduction in the cost of their manufacturing. A brief definition of coloring of textiles that is dyeing and printing will not be out of place before discussingits history. 
• The term dyeing denotes imparting the fibrous textile materials a colour in auniform manner that penetrates the fibres and is held there with certain force. 
• Dyes are app from the aqueous solutions and are stable to laundering, sunlight, perspiration and common chemical reagents in varying degrees depending upon thechemical nature of the dye. Textile printing is a special form of dyeing in which thecolour is restricted to certain defined portions of fabric with the help of thickeners andthen made to penetrate the fibres usually by a heat treatment. 
• The equipment used for dyeing is entirely different from that required for printing but the fibre-dye interactionsare same in both the processes for the same class of dyestuffs.History of transfer of human clothing from skins and barks to the woven fabric isobscure but made for embellishment of dresses with dyeing and printing processes areThere is a general consensus among the researchers that dyeing is as old astextile industry itself According to the Greek mythology “Ariadne” the goddess for spinning and weaving is daughter of ‘‘Idon’’ the dyer of wool. 
• This interestingdescription indicates intimacy, even in the hoary past, of the crafts of fabric formation and its beautification by coloration. 
• The earliest evidencesof existence of this very ancient craft have beenfound in clay tablets excavated from Mohenjadarosite in Pakistan and in the well preserved brightlycolored paintings in tombs of the EgyptianPharaohs. 
• One of the Mohanjadaro tablets depicts aKing priest in which his dress carries a printcdmotif (Fig. 1. 1). This establishes that t art of dyeingand printing was in a high state of development inthis part of the world even about 5-6 thousand yearsago.  
• The colored fabrics found in the Egyptiantombs had been dyed with indigo whose plant is notindigenous to EgyptAnd was then grown only in the Indo-Pak sub-continent. This fact indicates existence of not onlythe trade routes between far-flung countries but alsoimportance of the coloring matters as to be considered
  
  a worthwhile product in the risky and hazardous trade ventures of those days. Ancienthistorians especially Pliny, (AD 23-79) have also mentioned the purple-dyed fabrics that were worn by the nobles of the Persian and the Roman empires even before the advent of the Christian era.
  
  For More Details : http://www.scribd.com/doc/21334347/textile-finishing